Areligious organization that forms by breaking away from an established church, relies on people joining rather than being born into the group, and generally rejects or tries to change the surrounding society would be termed a:

It is termed as "Sect".

Though in the beginning the term “sect” was actually used to classify a religious groups which was separate but now it can be used for any group of people or organization which separates themselves form a larger orthodox religious belief, for example in Islam these days besides the generally established groups a contemporary sect has come into light called “Ahmadiyya Muslim Community” which seeks to change the perspective of Islam, this is called a “sect”.

the first question's answer is a.

answer; the above statement is (true);