Which would have the least impact on mesopotamian long distance trade systems?

Although to military development and warfare, iron was fundamental to build weapons and chariots in ancient times, in regards to the long distance trade, iron was not essential benefiting transportation of goods or speeding up the trade system like other means were such as roads, rivers, sailboats and wooden wheeled carts.

Thereby the answer is "Iron".

Explanation:

muslims have taken his goods and products to different parts of asia an indonesia. sometimes just traveled and trade, but in other occasions, stayed in the place and made a living.

trade was the key for muslims economies to prosper. their commerce routes reached far places like malaysia and java in the 11th century.

another important factor for prosperity was that muslim states served as the middle point for european traders.

they used to travel by land but sailing the seas -the indian ocean- really increase the exportation of products.

answer; attention;