In her speech on chewing tobacco, catherine made the following argument: to be effective, laws governing chewing tobacco sales to minors must be enforced and must have adequate penalties for people who violate the law. my proposal will significantly increase both enforcement provisions and penalties for violators. therefore, my plan will be effective. what kind of reasoning did catherine use?
a. reasoning from principle
b. reasoning from analogy
c. reasoning from specific instances
d. reasoning from expediency
e. reasoning from need