Which social groups were the most powerful politically in each society

Patricians were the most powerful politically in each society. There were three foremost political groups in old Catholicism which are described as follows:

The aristocratic patricians were rich and prosperous landowners, managing civilians, authority directors and very well off businessmen. The plebeians were not very rich they were mediocre citizens but the patricians were wealthy aristocrats. Rome ancient were slaves ranges from 30% to 40%.  

the old way of life was represented by superstition, an angry god, and absolute submission to authority. the thinkers of the age of reason ushered in a new way of thinking. this new way championed the accomplishments of humankind. individuals did not have to accept despair. science and reason could bring happiness and progress. kings did not rule by divine right. they had an obligation to their subjects. europeans pondered the implications for nearly a century. americans put them into practice first.