If 10 joules of heat is added to each sample the smallest change in temperature will occur in the

The correct answer is water.
Heat energy is calculated by multiplying specific heat capacity of a substance with its mass and the change in temperature. Its is measured in joules.
Therefore; Heat = specific heat capacity ×mass ×change in temperature.
To calculate change in temperature we divide heat energy with the product of mass and the heat capacity. Hence, if mass is kept constant the higher the specific heat capacity the lower the change in temperature. In this case water has the highest heat capacity and this accounts for the smallest change in temperature when a constant energy of 10 Joules is supplied.