A mole of a monatomic ideal gas at point 1 (101 kPa, 5 L) is expanded adiabatically until the volume is doubled at point 2. Then it is cooled isochorically until the pressure is 20 kPa at point 3. The gas is now compressed isothermally until its volume is back to 5 L (point 4). Finally, the gas is heated isochorically to return to point 1. a. Draw the four processes and label the points in the pV plane.
b. Calculate the work done going from 1 to 2.
c. Calculate the pressure and temperature at point 2.
d. Calculate the temperature at point 3.
e. Calculate the temperature and pressure and point 4.
f. Calculate the work done going from from 3 to 4.
g. Calculate the heat flow into the gas going from 3 to 4. g

(a). Check attachment.

(b). 280.305 J.

(c). 31.81 kpa; 38.26K.

(d). 24.05K.

(e). 24.05k; 40kpa.

(f). -138.6J.

Explanation:

(a). Kindly check the attached picture for the diagram showing the four process.

1 - 2 = adiabatic expansion process.

2 - 3 = Isochoric process.

3 - 4 = isothermal process.

4 - 1 = isochoric process.

(b). Recall that the process from 1 to is an adiabatic expansion process.

NB: b = 5/3 for a monoatomic gas.

Then, the workdone = (1/ 1 - 1.66) [ (p1 × v1^b)/ v2^b × v2 - (p1 × v1)].

= ( 1/ 1 - 5/3) [ (101 × 5^5/3) × 10^1 -5/3] - 101 × 5.

Thus, the workdone = 280.305 J.

(c). P2 = P1 × V1^b/ V2^b = 101 × 5^5/3/ 10^5/3 = 31.81 kpa.

T2 = P2 × V2/ R × 1 = 31.81 × 10/ 8.324 = 38.36k.

(d). The process 2 - 3 is an Isochoric process, then;

T3 = T2/P2 × P3 = 38.26/ 31.82 × 20 = 24.05K.

(e). The process 3 - 4 Is an isothermal process. Then, the temperature at 4 will be the same temperature at 3. Tus, we have the temperature; point 3 = point 4 = 24.05k.

The pressure can be determine as below;

P4 = P3 × V3/ V4 = 20 × 10/ 5 = 200/ 5 = 40 kpa.

(f) workdone = xRT ln( v4/v3) = 1 × 8.314 × 24.05 × ln (5/10) = - 138.6 J

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