9. which statement summarizes an important effect of northern renaissance writers writing in vernacular?
a. their works could now be read by scholars in monasteries throughout europe.
b. their works could now be read in towns and cities by members of the new middle class.
c. their works could now be distributed by merchants to readers outside europe.
d. their works could now be printed and collected by the renaissance monarchs and nobles.
10. which northern european humanist wrote a book that image to a peaceful society without private property?
a. niccoló machiavelli
b. sir thomas more
c. françois rabelais
d. william shakespeare
11. to which of the following did the protestant reformation signify a response?
a. corruption in the church
b. decline in the power of the church
c. heresies committed aginst the church
d. political disputes between monarchs and the church
12. which reformer put fourth ideas that led to the formation of a new christian church?
a. ignatius of loyola
b. johann tetzel
c. john wycliffe
d. ulrich zwingli
13. which idea differentiates the protestant doctrines of calvinism and lutheranism?
a. rejection of saints, indulgences
b. rejection of papal rule
c. belief in purgatory
d. belief in predestination
14. which of the following did martin luther beliefe that people needed in order to be saved?
a. biblical instruction
b. church blessing
c. faith alone
d. sacraments