1. Which clause best supports the claim that Catherine was influenced by the ideas of
the Enlightenment?
(1) clause 9 stating that the sovereign is
absolute and can "act with ... Vigor"
(2) clause 10 arguing that the "Extent of the
Dominion requires an absolute Power"
(3) clause 11 criticizing other forms of
government that would have "proved its
[Russia's] entire Ruin"
(4) clause 14 mentioning the "natural
Liberty" of "rational Creatures**

(4) clause 14 mentioning the "natural  Liberty" of "rational Creatures**

Explanation:

The clause in the excerpt mentions two concepts that are part of the Englightenment ideas.

The first concept is natural liberty, which is the liberty that people have simply because they are born as human beings. This is the liberty to do without the constraint of anyone else, and without harming anyone else's rights.

The second concept is that of rational creatures, referring to human beings. According to Enlightenment philosophers, human beings are endowed with reason in order to make sense of the world and make it better.

the correct answer is: the fact that the anti-federalist papers were considered poorly written.

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