Which word in the sentence is the participle?
thomas edison, another great inventor, created a talking doll in 1890.
a.
created
b.
talking
c.
inventor
d.
great

the sentence does not violate the phrase structure second rule (introduced by noam chomsky) because noun phrases consist of a determiner such as a, the or every, and a noun. in the sentence, the noun phrase the cake includes a determiner (the) and a noun (cake).

on the other hand, the first rule indicates that a sentence encloses a noun phrase, followed by a verb phrase. the example sentence can be analysed as follows:

john (n) + ate (v) + the (det) + cake (n).

roses are red,

violets are black,

for what you said,

i hope you sit on a big fat tack.