11) Identify the type of phrase illustrated by the boldfaced words in the following sentences.
Planning for a prosperous term, the victor had long desired to lower
the tax burden on working families.
Winning the election had been his dream for twenty years.
Appearing to be the underdog, his campaign had taken a positive turn
late in the election.
His success finally realized, the new governor immediately began to
fulfill the promises he made during his campaign.