12.) read the passage.

excerpt from “the fundamental principle of a republic” by anna howard shaw, june 21, 1915

anna howard shaw delivered this speech in ogdenburg, new york, for the purpose of persuading men to vote for women’s right to vote.

no, we women do not want the ballot in order that we may fight, but we do want the ballot in order that we may men to keep from fighting, whether it is in the home or in the state. just as the home is not without the man, so the state is not without the woman, and you can no more build up homes without men than you can build up the state without women. we are needed everywhere where human problems are to be solved. men and women must go through this world together from the cradle to the grave; it is god's way and the fundamental principle of a republican form of government.

which sentence from this passage is an example of fallacious reasoning?

"no, we women do not want the ballot in order that we may fight, . . "

". . we do want the ballot in order that we may men to keep from fighting, . . "

"men and women must go through this world together from the cradle to the grave; it is god's way . . "

"we are needed everywhere where human problems are to be solved, . ."

13.)read the passage.excerpt from "rice stadium moon speech" by president john f. kennedy, september 12, 1962. . [m]an, in his quest for knowledge and progress, is determined and cannot be deterred. the exploration of space will go ahead, whether we join in it or not, and it is one of the great adventures of all time, and no nation which expects to be the leader of other nations can expect to stay behind in the race for space.those who came before us made certain that this country rode the first waves of the industrial revolutions, the first waves of modern invention, and the first wave of nuclear power, and this generation does not intend to founder in the backwash of the coming age of space. we mean to be a part of it—we mean to lead it. for the eyes of the world now look into space, to the moon and to the planets beyond, and we have vowed that we shall not see it governed by a hostile flag of conquest, but by a banner of freedom and peace. we have vowed that we shall not see space filled with weapons of mass destruction, but with instruments of knowledge and understanding.yet the vows of this nation can only be fulfilled if we in this nation are first, and, therefore, we intend to be first. in short, our leadership in science and in industry, our hopes for peace and security, our obligations to ourselves as well as others, all require us to make this effort, to solve these mysteries, to solve them for the good of all men, and to become the world's leading space-faring nation.read this excerpt from the speech.those who came before us made certain that this country rode the first waves of the industrial revolutions, the first waves of modern invention, and the first wave of nuclear power, and this generation does not intend to founder in the backwash of the coming age of space.which statement provides an accurate evaluation of the validity of evidence kennedy uses to support his argument that the nation is obliged to lead the race for space? kennedy effectively supports his argument using detailed descriptions of the progress made by generations of the past. kennedy effectively supports his argument by citing instances in which the country was challenged by other nations and came in first. instead of providing valid evidence to support his argument, kennedy appeals to the audience’s sense of patriotism and competitive spirit. rather than including valid evidence to support his argument, kennedy distracts the audience with a list of accomplishments.