Is it text features, text structures or literary elements

Why did ponyboy fool around instead of shooting when hunting with his father? why did pony not tell dally? how do you think this shows ponyboy's character as being different from dally?

Chan was leading a group discussion in his university. he discovered that a few participants were dominating the discussion and not letting others speak. what should chan do in such a situation a. chan should allow participants to speak until they are finished b. chan should adjourn the discussion and recommence at a later point c.chan should bar the dominant participants have the freedom to share their opinion d.chan should ensure that all participants have the freedom to share their opinion e.chan should restructure the group so that the dominant participants are isolated

Which literary device does orwell most use to support his purpose in writing in this passage? characters, to show that what happens on the farm is fiction allegory, to show similarities between the farm and the soviet union point of view, to show how the characters think about the murders setting, to show that events in the soviet union may have been caused by the economy