sentences with a) active voice or b) passive voice are wordier because they have a additional helping verb and sometimes the word by. sentences with a) active voice or b) passive voice are more clear and concise.

Active is more clear and concise

Passive is wordier

Explanation:

to and without are prepositions, so a, b, and d are prepositional phrases. the adverb phrase is c, about the surprise.

explanation:

uncanny would be like unlucky or disaster. you can look for more in the dictionary or if you have text book then turn to a. 17 but it's different with textbooks.