Many people complain when the cost of basic goods increases due to the
flow-on effects on living expenses. however, shop owners and resellers are
ultimately in control of cost-pricing, leaving the consumer with limited, if any, say
in the matter.
whilst beneficial to companies and shop owners, there are claims stating that
inflation is one of the main aggravating causes of political and socio-economic
instability within the country. due to increases in cost of living also not being
reflected in wage raises, or lack thereof, crime rates would also increase as a
result of poverty and basic goods being simply unaffordable.
the factors contributing to the price increase of basic goods include:
rising costs of fuel sources (affecting overall production
and transportation costs);
greediness exhibited by companies responsible for cost-pricing.
as an example, even with the reduced fuel prices imposed by the
government, the prices of goods remain at an all-time high;
consumers insisting on purchasing the same type (or brand)
of goods despite the higher price.
the lack of emphasis to produce food and goods in-country.
there are a few suggestions that can be considered in order to curb the effects
of a higher cost of living on society. this includes equipping members of society
with good money management skills, enabling them to spend smart and save.
another aspect is to increase agricultural production and to utilise uninhabited
land. in addition, steps should be taken to make popular and reinvigorate the
career of agriculture and farming as a good source of income. as a precaution,
international trade agreements must be made to effectively cooperate between
neighbouring countries to reduce import tax, to minimise the price-
increase of imported goods.
therefore, it can be extrapolated from this that prices of basic goods and
services will inevitably rise in accordance with international trading agreements,
cost of living and other external, as well as internal, factors. however, the effects
of it on society can be mitigated through thrifty and savvy managing of
consumer spending habits. besides the consumers, the responsible parties must
also take part and do what is necessary to curb the price hike and control
the market situation to the extent possible.
1. every time the price of goods and services increase, which party is
affected the most?
a. government
b. end consumer
c. shop owners and resellers
d. low-income earner
2. what would be the best description of the word “famine”
a. crime rate
b. poverty
c. scarcity of food
d. high cost living
3. consumers could typically manage price increases if they:
a. work overtime
b. take 2-3 jobs
c. adjust their lifestyle
d. hunger strike
4. below are among the reasons of a price hike
i. increase of fuel cost
ii. brand obsession
iii. consumers’ bad spending habits
iv. insufficient production of crops
a. i & ii
b. ii & iii
c. i, ii & iii
d. all above
5. below are suggestion mentioned in article to reduce effect of
price hike, except
a. money management
b. increase import duty
c. optimized the use of land
d. produce more in house goods

by: nita twenty thousand leagues under the sea some time ago, i decided to read twenty thousand leagues under the sea, by jules verne. i figured that because it was so well known it must be an extremely interesting book. in addition, it was science fiction, the one area that i was always interested. my assumption was only partially correct, for i only was to a degree interested in the piece of writing. when jules verne was writing this book, he must have been reading some incredibly dull science book the day before, for that was what the book was written as.  

the style of writing was utterly against my tastes, and though the plot was moderately interesting, the style of writing really ruined it. often, the author will trail off describing some marine animal for pages at a time. two entire chapters were almost entirely this! however, the setting and characters of the story seemed to be well thought out. nevertheless, 20,000 leagues under the sea was an extremely tedious volume. when the story was introduced, jules verne described m. aronnax, the main character, whose love for marine biology was more important than anything else to him did.  

this immediately led to the international crisis about a bizarre aquatic creature, which immediately dragged m. aronnax into the action. due to his expertise on the matter, the public expected pierre to be the one to solve this mystery. m. aronnax, under all this pressure, concluded that the animal was to be called the narwhale. at first, the matter was taken lightly, and only expert scientists were involved. however, when this animal began to become a threat to all ships in the water, the military took the issue into its own hands.  

it promptly fitted a frigate, the abraham lincoln, to destroy the beast, and invited pierre to join them, for his science capabilities. for many months they searched, but could not find this narwhale anywhere. when they found it, it attacked the ship, disabling it, and sending m. aronnax, ned land (a harpooner) and conseil (servant of pierre) overboard. soon, the three were guests in the narwhale, now known to be a ship, the nautilus, commanded by captain nemo. during the stay aboard the nautilus, pierre conseil and ned encounter and discover many wonderful and interesting facts from the sea. often, they would accompany the captain in an under water expedition.  

several of these excursions were to hunt, and others were simply to explore a submarine region. one of the times when the purpose was just to investigate an underwater region, captain nemo and m. aronnax explored the lost city of atlantis. on a separate occasion, pierre found that there was a supply of coal underwater that the nautilus used as a source of fuel. in addition to underwater excursions, the nautilus itself was on a round the world journey, which accounted for the most exiting time of the book. this was when captain nemo was attempting to access the south pole.  

that meant passing the great ice barrier, and surviving with very little air. during this rather long voyage, the submarine gets wedged between two icebergs, and is almost crushed! to add to this, the inhabitants of the nautilus almost die of suffocation from the lack of air. finally, at the end of the book, the three friends narrowly escape that nautilus.  

this all occurs during the maelstrom, which is a deadly storm, which makes the escape so daring. at the end, the three friends end up in a fisherman's shack, not knowing how they arrived, for they were knocked unconscious. that is how the events in the story twenty thousand leagues under the sea took place. the main character in this book was an extremely well recognized marine biologist named m. pierre aronnax. m. aronnax is one who gets the most benefit throughout the course of the book. pierre was always curious, which often got in the way of following his instincts and good judgment.  

also, he sometimes talked to himself! in addition, his faithful servant, conseil, follows his master during all of his adventures. conseil never really said much, and the role he played was one of a calm and humble person. another character of importance was ned land, the most well known harpooner of all his time. this man proved himself to be very useful when the threesome attempt to escape the nautilus. on the other hand, ned land was always quick tempered, and free willed.  

these qualities almost got many people killed many times during the book. the next most important character and perhaps the most outlandish one of all was captain nemo. note that this was not his real name, however, the actual name was never given in the book. captain nemo was forever strict and secretive to everyone. he never showed any emotion on his face, and never showed any bodily expressions in any way except when he was in extreme anguish. the setting that the story took place in was quite interesting.  

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