For a particular inverter, the basic technology used provides an inherent limit to the small-signal, lowfrequency voltage gain of 50 V/V. If, with a 1-V supply, the values of VOL and VOH are ideal, but VM 0.4VDD, what are the best possible values of VIL and VIH that can be expected? What are the best possible noise margins you could expect?

Aturning operation is performed with following conditions: rake angle of 12°, a feed of 0.35 mm/rev, and a depth of cut of 1.1 mm. the work piece is aluminum alloy 6061 with t6 heat treatment (a16061-t6). the resultant chip thickness was measured to be 1.0 mm. estimate the cutting force, fc. use shear stress of 207 mpa and coefficient of friction on the tool face of 0.6.