An overpass is being considered for a certain crossing. The superstructure design under consideration will be made of reinforced concrete and will have a weight per foot depending on the span between piers in accordance with Piers will be made of steel and will cost $250,000 each. The superstructure will be erected at a cost of $3.20 per pound. If the number of piers required is to be one less than the number of spans, find the number of piers that will result in a minimum total cost for piers and superstructure if .

If the thermal strain developed in polyimide film during deposition is given as 0.0044. assume room temperature is kept at 17.3 c, and thermal coefficient of expansion for the film and the substrate are 54 x 10^-6c^-1 and 3.3 x 10^-6c^-1respectively. calculate the deposition temperature.

Air is to be cooled in the evaporator section of a refrigerator by passing it over a bank of 0.8-cm-outer-diameter and 0.4-m-long tubes inside which the refrigerant is evaporating at -20°c. air approaches the tube bank in the normal direction at 0°c and 1 atm with a mean velocity of 4 m/s. the tubes are arranged in-line with longitudinal and transverse pitches of sl- st 1.5 cm. there are 30 rows in the flow direction with 15 tubes in each row. determine (a) the refrigeration capacity of this system and (b) pressure drop across the tube bank. evaluate the air properties at an assumed mean temperature of -5°c and 1 atm. is this a good assumption?

The drive force for diffusion is 7 fick's first law can be used to solve the non-steady state diffusion. a)-true b)-false