When a metal cation forms an octahedral complex the ligands approach directly along the x, y, and z axes. The two d orbitals with lobes along the axes will experience a repulsion than the three d orbitals with lobes between the axes. The d orbitals will be split into two groups; the higher energy group has orbitals and the lower energy group has orbitals.

Pegmatites are igneous rocks in which the individual minerals are very large. typically, the minerals are all light-colored quartz, feldspar and muscovite. if you were given a black and white photograph of a pegmatite in a quarry (where the rock has been blasted and broken), what physical properties could you use to identify those three minerals in this hypothetical photo? describe each mineral and the specific diagnostic properties. be specific.