Based on the contributions of early scientists, one can conclude that one discovery was

the discovery of atomic structure.

Explanation:

Rutherford was a famous scientist who gave his theory of atomic structure.

Ernest Rutherford was a great physicist who is well known for his pioneering studies and discoveries about atoms and radioactivity. Rutherford was considered to be the greatest experimentalist after Michael Faraday.

Rutherford's atomic model was one of the greatest discoveries which provided many answers and solutions to the structure of atom and molecules that our earth is surrounded of.

Rutheford discovered that an atom has a tiny mass of positively charged particles in the centre of the atom called nucleus and negatively charged electrons surrounds the nucleus.

Bohr joined Rutherford in his studies and discovered many new facts about the structure of the atom based on the Rutherford's model. Today atomic model is the product of Rutherford atomic structure.

when the volume of gas is   changed from   717.73 ml   to 852 ml   the temperature will   change   from 315   c to 452   c

    calculation

this is calculated using the charles law formula

that is,   v1/t1 = v2/t2

          v1=?

        t1 = 315 c   into   kelvin = 315 +273 = 588 k

        v2 = 852   ml

        t2 = 425c + 273 =698 k

make v1   the subject of the formula ( by   multiplying both side by t1)

  v1=( v2 xt1) / t2

v1= (852 ml   x 588 k)/ 698 k= 717.73 ml

qualitative observation deals with data that can be observed with our senses: sight, smell, touch, taste, and hearing. they do not involve measurements or numbers. for instance, colors, shapes, and textures of objects are all qualitative observations.