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as matter changes state from gas to liquid, which of these statements is true?
a) the particles speed up.
b) the particles slow down.
c) the particles get farther apart.
d) the attractive force between the particles decreases.

Option (B) is the correct answer.

Explanation:

In gases, atoms are held by weak intermolecular forces of attraction and due to this atoms move rapidly from one place to another. Therefore, atoms of a gas have high kinetic energy.

On the other hand, in liquids, the molecules are held by more strong intermolecular forces of attraction as compared to gases. Due to which they are able to slide past each other but they are not able to diffuse like gases. Hence, they atoms of a liquid have medium kinetic energy.

So, when a gas changes into liquid state then there occurs a decrease in kinetic energy of molecules. Hence, speed of atoms of a substance slow down and force of attraction between them increases.

Thus, we can conclude that the statement particles slow down, is true.

in 1783 cavendish was working with his hydrogen gas and found that when he burned it and condensed the vapor it was water. this was very significant since it disproved the greek theory of elements completely since water was not a simple substance but the product of two gases. it was lavoisier who hearing of the experiment gave cavendish's gas the name hydrogen ("water-producer") and added that hydrogen burned by combining with oxygen and that water was a hydrogen-oxygen combination.

explanation:

the volume increases