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Which of the following would not generally be a motive for a firm to hold inventories? a. to decouple or separate parts of the production process b. to provide a stock of goods that will provide a selection for customers c. to take advantage of quantity discounts d. to minimize holding costs e. all of the above are functions of inventory.

Bernard made a gift of $500,000 to his brother in 2014. due to bernard’s prior taxable gifts he paid $200,000 of gift tax. when bernard died in 2019, the applicable gift tax credit had increased. at bernard’s death, what amount related to the $500,000 gift to his brother is included in his gross estate?

Juan's investment portfolio was valued at $125,640 at the beginning of the year. during the year, juan received $603 in interest income and $298 in dividend income. juan also sold shares of stock and realized $1,459 in capital gains. juan's portfolio is valued at $142,608 at the end of the year. all income and realized gains were reinvested. no funds were contributed or withdrawn during the year. what is the amount of income juan must declare this year for income tax purposes?