Dot and cross diagram for oxygen ion

Explanation:

We can use dot and cross diagrams to show how a pair of electrons forms a covalent bond.

Here is the dot and cross diagram for oxygen (O2), a diatomic molecule. Notice the lone pairs of electrons and the two shared pairs of electrons.

There are different kinds of covalent bonds:

a single covalent bond is when two atoms share a single pair of electrons. Represented by a single line (–).

a double covalent bond is when two atoms share two pairs of electrons. Represented by a double line (＝).

a triple covalent bond is when two atoms share three pairs of electrons. Represented by a triple line (≡).

there are no statements provided but here is why:

sulfur belongs to group 16 because it can be found in nature whether it is in a free or combined state.

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