You have at your disposal 3 1-pound bags of various pure salts that dissolve readily in water. You can add one of the bags to a 55 gallon barrel of water. Which bag should you use to lower the freezing point by the greatest amount? (1 lb. = 0.454 kg)

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Explanation:

However, it should be noted that addition of soluble salts generally lowers the freezing point of water hence after the addition, water will no longer freeze at 0°C but lower.

Soluble salts tend to form more ions in water, it is these ions that are responsible for interfering with the hydrogen bonds hence lowering the freezing. Thus, (since each bag are of the same weight) the bag that contains the salt that ionizes more in water will lower the freezing point by the greatest amount.

NOTE: Different weight of the salts could lead to more ions been formed in the water by some salts as against the other.

given:

mass of na = 115 g

excess cl2

to determine:

mass of nacl produced

explanation:

given reaction is-

2na(s) + cl2(g) → 2nacl(s)

since cl2 is in excess, na will be the limiting reagent

as per the reaction stoichiometry na: nacl = 1: 1

i.e. moles of na reacted = moles of nacl formed

now, # moles of na = mass of na/atomic mass

                                  = 115 g/23 g.mol-1 = 5 moles

therefore, moles of nacl = 5

molar mass of nacl = 58 g/mol

mass of nacl = 5 moles * 58 g.mol-1 = 290 g

ans: amount of nacl produced = 290 g

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