What is the charge on each of the following complex ions? hexaaquairon(ii), [fe(h2o)6]? tris(carbonato)aluminate(iii), [al(co3)3]? (iii), [v(h2o)2cl4]? express the charges numerically, in the order that the complexes are listed, separated by commas. for a nonzero charge, be sure to include the sign (e. g., +1,-2,+3). view available hint(s)

The charges on the given complexes are: +2, (-3), (-1)

Explanation:

A coordination complex is composed of a central metal atom or metal ion and ligands, bonded by coordinate covalent bonds.

The total charge of the complex is equal to the sum of the charge on central metal and the total charge of the ligands.

1. hexaaquairon(II), [Fe(H₂O)₆]

The oxidation state or charge on the central metal ion, Fe = +2

Charge on the ligand water molecule H₂O = 0

Therefore, the total charge on the complex = +2 + (0 × 6) = +2

2. tris(carbonato)aluminate(III), [Al(CO₃)₃]

The oxidation state or charge on the central metal ion, Al = +3

Charge on the ligand carbonate CO₃²⁻ = (-2)

Therefore, the total charge on the complex = +3 + (-2 × 3) = (-3)

3. (III), [V(H₂O)₂Cl₄]

The oxidation state or charge on the central metal ion, V = +3

Charge on the ligand water molecule H₂O = 0

Charge on the ligand chloride Cl = (-1)

Therefore, the total charge on the complex = +3 + [(0 × 2)+(-1 × 4)] = +3 + (-4) = (-1)                  

Therefore, the charge on 1. hexaaquairon(II), [Fe(H₂O)₆] complex is +2

2. tris(carbonato)aluminate(III), [Al(CO₃)₃] complex is (-3)  

3. (III), [V(H₂O)₂Cl₄] complex is (-1)                  

the electronic configuration of an atom with eight electrons is 1s²2s²2p⁴. the orbital diagrams are shown in the figure.

as per the hunds rule:

1. electrons tend to avoid being in the same orbital as per as practicable.

2. electrons in different orbitals of the same energy will have their spin parallel.

this can be illustrated from the multiplicity of the orbitals of the atom. as there are four electrons in the p orbital and p orbital has 3 sub-shells. the electrons can be fed in different ways as shown in the figure but the correct orbital diagram will be as per the hunds rule.