The concentrations of which two ions are highest outside the cell?

Na+ and Cl−

Explanation:

Extra cellular liquid (ECL):

It is the liquid that is outside the cell and that contains the nutrients necessary for the survival of the cells embedded in it.

The ECL contains large amounts of Sodium (Na +), Chloride (Cl -) and Bicarbonate ions. It also contains the nutrients for the cells: oxygen, glucose, fatty acids and amino acids.

Being a liquid surrounding the cell, it contains the debris from the cells being transported to the bloodstream for later disposal.

One third of the total fluid of an adult human corresponds to extracellular fluid.

alkaline metals are lithium, sodium, rubidium, potassium, cesium and francium.

alkali metals have electronegativity from 0.7 to 1, lowest in periodic table of elements, which means that alkali metals (i group in periodic table) has positive oxidation number in compounds.

electronegativity is a chemical property that describes the tendency of an atom to attract a shared pair of electrons towards itself.

alkaline metals (far left in main group) have lowest ionizations energy and easy remove valence electrons,

for example, potassium is the alkali metal and has a single valence electron in the outer electron shell.

electron configuration of potassium is: ₁₉k 1s²2s²2p⁶3s²3p⁶4s¹.

they can not exist alone in nature, because they are very reactive.

1. a)c-14 has two more protons

2. d)they have different numbers of protons, neutrons, and valence electrons; they are all gases at room temperature.

3. c) iron and nickel.