ABO purchased a truck at the beginning of 2020 for $140,000. They sold the truck at the end of 2022 for $95,000. If the expected useful life of the truck was six years with a residual value of $20,000 and ABO uses straight-line depreciation, which of the following is true regarding the entry to record the sale of the truck?
A. Credit Gain $5,000
B. Debit Loss $5,000
C. Credit Accumulated Depreciation $40,000
D. Credit Equipment $100,000

Credit Gain $15,000 (not given in the options). All of the options given are wrong.

Explanation:

The carrying amount or net book value of an asset is the difference between the historical cost of the asset and the accumulated depreciation. When an asset is disposed, this carrying amount has to be derecognized and the proceed from the sale recognized. The difference between these two amounts is the gain/loss on disposal.

When the amount received from the disposal of an asset is higher than the carrying value of the asset, the company makes a gain on disposal. The proceed from the disposal of an asset may be recorded in the disposal or other income account.

On disposal, the carrying amount of the asset is derecognized by  

Debit Other income/disposal account (p/l)

Credit Asset account  

with the cost of the asset, then,

Debit Accumulated depreciation account

Credit Other income/disposal account (p/l)

With the accumulated depreciation of the asset at the date of disposal,

Furthermore,

Debit Cash account

Credit Other income/disposal account (p/l)

with the amount received from the disposal or sale of the asset

Depreciation is the systematic allocation of the cost of an asset to the income statement over the estimated useful life of that asset.

It is determined as the depreciable value of the asset over the estimated useful life of the asset where the depreciable value is the difference between the cost and salvage value of the asset

Mathematically,  

Depreciation = (Cost - Salvage value)/Estimated useful life

Depreciation = (140000 - 20000)/6

= $20,000

Carrying amount of asset at time of sale = $140,000 - 3($20,000)

= $80,000

Gain on disposal = $95000 - $80000

= $15000

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