Suppose that Hilary has just finished smoking a cigarette and is thinking about throwing the cigarette butt onto her neighbor Edison's driveway. Although no police officers are around, she instead decides to carry it to a trash can because she doesn't want to embarrass herself by letting people see her littering.

Which of the following types of private solutions to the externality of littering has occurred in this case?

a)

Contracts

b)

Integration of different types of businesses through merger or acquisition

c)

Charities

d)

Moral codes and social sanctions

Transactions that affect earnings do not necessarily affect cash. identify the effect, if any, that each of the following transactions would have upon cash and net income. the first transaction has been completed as an example. (if an amount reduces the account balance then enter with negative sign preceding the number e.g. -15,000 or parentheses e.g. (15, cash net income (a) purchased $120 of supplies for cash. –$120 $0 (b) recorded an adjustment to record use of $35 of the above supplies. (c) made sales of $1,370, all on account. (d) received $700 from customers in payment of their accounts. (e) purchased equipment for cash, $2,450. (f) recorded depreciation of building for period used, $740. click if you would like to show work for this question: open show work

Suppose a firm faces a fixed price of output, 푝푝= 1200. the firm hires workers from a union at a daily wage, 푤푤, to produce output according to the production function 푞푞= 2퐸퐸12. there are 225 workers in the union. any union worker who does not work for this firm is guaranteed to find nonunion employment at a wage of $96 per day. a.what is the firm’s labor demand function? b.if the firm is allowed to choose 푤푤, but then the union decides how many workers to provide (up to 225) at that wage, what wage will the firm set? how many workers will the union provide? what is the firm’s output and profit? what is the total income of the 225 union workers? c.now suppose that the union sets the wage, but the firm decides how many workers to hire at that wage (up to 225). what wage will the union set to maximize the total income of all 225 workers? how many workers will the firm hire? what is the firm’s output and profit? what is the total income of the 225 union workers? [hint: to maximize total income of union, take the first order condition with respect to w and set equal to 0.]

Why do you think the compensation plans differ at the two firms? in particular, why do you think kaufmann’s pays commissions to salespeople, while parkleigh does not? why does parkleigh offer employees discounts on purchases, while kaufmann’s does not?