A firm has an issue of preferred stock outstanding that has a stated annual dividend of $4. The required return on the preferred stock has been estimated to be 16 percent. The value of the preferred stock is .

In its 2016 annual report, caterpillar inc. reported the following (in millions): 2016 2015 sales $38,537 $47,011 cost of goods sold 28,309 33,546 as a percentage of sales, did caterpillar's gross profit increase or decrease during 2016? select one: a. gross profit increased from 26.8% to 28.6% b. gross profit decreased from 28.6% to 26.5% c. gross profit increased from 71.4% to 73.2% d. gross profit decreased from 73.2% to 71.4% e. there is not enough information to answer the question.

Martha is the head of the accounts department in a small manufacturing company. the company follows the accrual-basis method of accounting. it recently purchased raw materials worth $5,000 from its vendors. however, the company paid only $3,000 to its vendors. it plans to pay the remaining amount after three months. considering this information, which entry should martha record in the company’s accounts? a. $5,000 as accounts receivable b. $3,000 as accounts payable c. $2,000 as accounts payable d. $2,000 as accounts receivable

Florence invested in a factory requiring. federally-mandated reductions in carbon emissions. how will this impact florence as the factory's owner? a. her factory will be worth less once the upgrades are complete. b. her factory will likely be bought by the epa. c. florence will have to invest a large amount of capital to update the factory for little financial gain. d. florence will have to invest a large amount of capital to update the factory for a large financial gain.