In your own words, explain how the frequency of an ocean wave determines the motion of a surfer on the wave?

As the frequency increases the wavelength decreases

We have a basic equation in oscillation which says that frequencies and wavelength are inversely proportional to each other. As the frequency increases the wavelength decreases so when the frequency of the waves increases the height and depth of the waves changes hence the surfer will be more likely to fall. On the other hand if the frequency is low then the wavelength will be high therefore the surfer will ride smoothly.

i'd say that the moon rock is about 2.2 billion years old.

c. earths continental crust is thicker than its lithosphere.

because, the lithosphere is the outermost layer of the earth/ 100 km thick and is defined by its machanical properties.the lithosphere contains oceanic and continental crust that varies in age and thickness across locations and geologic time. the lithosphere is the coolest layer of the earth in terms of temperature. the term lithosphere should not be confused with the use of "geosphere" which is used to indicate all of earth systems, including the atmosphere, hydrosphere   and biosphere. the surface of the earth can be divided into the continental crust and the oceanic crust.   the continental crust is made mostly of granite while the oceanic crust is made of basalt. the average thickness of the continental crust is 25 miles and the average thickness of the oceanic crust is 5 miles.   three types of rock, igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic, make up the surface of the earth. that's why 3 option is preferable.