Rough-skinned newts and common garter snakes are in an "evolutionary arms race." In this phenomenon, two species continually evolve adaptations against one another to increase their own chance of survival. Rough-skinned newts produce tetrodotoxin, a type of poison, as a defense mechanism. Most common garter snakes have some resistance to the toxin. In areas where common garter snakes and rough-skinned newts coexist, rough-skinned newts express very high levels of tetrodotoxin, and common garter snakes have evolved a very high degree of resistance to tetrodotoxin.

Apart of the periodic table is shown. a portion of the sixteenth and seventeenth columns of the periodic table is shown. column 16 reads eight oxygen, 16 sulfur, and 34 selenium. column 17 reads nine flourine, 17 chlorine, and 35 bromine. which of the following elements is less reactive than the others? bromine (br) oxygen (o) selenium (se) sulfur (s)

Read the following scenario to answer the following question. over the past 60 years, many amphibian species have experienced significant population declines, and some species have become extinct. scientists suspected that local human activities such as the destruction of wetlands, regional pollution, and deforestation were the main reasons for these losses. however, research over the past 20 years reveals significant amphibian population declines in protected areas of the world, such as nature preserves and parks. these global declines suggest widespread problems including increased ultraviolet radiation, acid rain, and disease. in switzerland, for example, 14 of the 20 native amphibian species are threatened with extinction. when most populations of a wide-ranging amphibian species are lost and the few remaining populations are widely separated, we expect to see that a. the founder effect becomes increasingly important b. microevolution no longer occurs c. gene flow between populations is reduced d. artificial selection becomes a greater factor in microevolution

What is the difference between a scientific hypotheses and a scientific theory?