What is chromosomes?Write in brief about the structure of a chromosome. must include all points with explanations

Please find the detailed explanation below

Explanation:

A chromosome is thread-like material that carries the long strands of the genetic material (DNA), which in turn carries the gene. The chromosome is the found form of nuclear material in the nucleus.

Due to the long nature of the DNA molecule, they cannot fit into the cell. Hence, to ensure they fit, the cell wraps the DNA molecule around a set of protein called HISTONE proteins to form a NUCLEOSOME. Each nucleosome is made up of DNA coiled around a set of 8 proteins called HISTONE OCTAMER. The nucleosome structure becomes more compacted and further wound around the histone to form a CHROMATIN. This chromatin then undergoes condensation to form the visible CHROMOSOME structure.