During a physcial examination the veterinarian curls the dogs foot under so it's upside down. the dog immediately brings the foot back to the normal standing position which sense did the dog use to do this? a. proprioception.
b. visceral sensation.
c. tactile sensation.
d. nociception.

A. Proprioception.

Explanation:

Proprioception is a phenomena whereby awarness of the position,form and locomotion of the body is observed. Mechanosensory neurons, proprio-receptors cells that are located in the muscles are responsible for the moderation and regulation of proprioception.

As given in the question, during physical examination, when the veterinarian curls the dogs foot under so it's upside down. The ability for the dog to immediately switch the foot back to the normal standing position is as a aftermath effect of the sense of Proprioception.

the answer that best describes the relative refractory period in the neuron is the resting membrane potential is restored, but concentrations of sodium and potassium are not restored to their original state.

the refractory period is the time during which another stimulus given to the neuron will not lead to a second potential. thus, because na+ channels are inactivated during this time, additional depolarizing stimuli do not lead to new action potentials.  

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the transfer for conduction is the heat transfering from the liquid to the spoon

the transfer for convection is the heat rising from the liquid to the air

the transfer for radiation is the heat going through the sides of the cup and to the air

at least that is what i would do