Distinguish between major classes of biomolecules, proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, nucleic acids?

Proteins (polymers of amino acids)

Carbohydrates (polymers of sugars)

Lipids (polymers of lipid monomers)

Nucleic acids (DNA and RNA; polymers of nucleotides)

Explanation:

Proteins:

Chemical formula is CHON

−NH2 + −COOH +R group

Monomer is Amino acids.

Examples are enzymes, and some hormones.

Uses are Storage; Signals; Structural; Contractile; Defensive; Enzyme; Transport; Receptors.

Lipids:

Chemical formula is C:H:O

Greater than 2:1 H:O (carboxyl group)

Monomer is fatty acid and glycerol.

Examples are butter, oil, cholesterol, beeswax.

Functions are energy storage; Protection; Chemical messengers; Repel water.

Carbohydrates:

Chemical formula is C:H:O

1:2:1

Monomer is monosaccharides.

Examples are Glucose, Fructose, Starch, Glycogen, Cellulose.

Uses areenergy storage; structure.

Nucleic Acids:

Chemical formula is CHONP

(pentose, nitrogenous base, phosphate ).

Monomer is nucleotides.

Examples areDNA, RNA.

Uses areGenetic information

Explanation:

Biomolecules are made from single subunits, or building blocks, called monomers.

For protein monomers is Amino acid

−NH2 + −COOH +R group

For lipids monomers is :

C:H:O

Greater than 2:1 H:O (carboxyl group)

Fatty acid and glycerol

For carbohydrates monomers is:

Monosaccharides examples are Glucose, Fructose, Starch, Glycogen

For Nucleic acid:

Monomers is:

pentose, nitrogenous base, phosphate

e.g :NucleotidesDNA, RNA

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