Which is an example of a substitution mutation?

The question lacks options, the options are:

A). CAG - TTA-CAC mutates to CAG - GAC - TTA - CAC

B). CAG - TTA - CAC mutates to CAG - TTA - CAC-AT

C). CAT - GGC - TAC mutates to CAT - GGC - TAG

D). CAT - GGC - TAC mutates to ATG - GCT - AC

The answer is C

Explanation:

From time to time, changes occurs in the nucleotide sequence of a gene due to mistake during DNA replication or induced by mutagens. These changes are referred to as MUTATION. A mutation can be of different types depending on how it occurs.

A substitution mutation is a kind of mutation in which one or more nuceleotide bases is replaced by another in a sequence. In this question, the nuceleotide sequence: CAT - GGC - TAC, that mutates to CAT - GGC - TAG is an example of substitution mutation.

The original sequence reads: CAT - GGC - TAC. One nuceleotide base, which is Cytosine (C) is replaced by nuceleotide base, Guanine (G) in mutated sequence: CAT - GGC - TAG.

The other examples in the options represent other types of mutations like Insertion (option A and B).

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