Innate immune responses rely on the body’s ability to recognize conserved features of microbial molecules that are not made by the host. these include: a. activation of the complement system, a group of blood proteins that are activated in sequence to target the microbe for phagocytosis by macrophages and neutrophils, to disrupt the membrane of the microbe, and to produce an inflammatory response. b. recognition of specific dna sequences in invading microorganisms c. the double-stranded rna of some viruses. d. microbe-associated immunostimulants including many types of molecules on microbial surfaces e. activation of blood clotting pathways to starve invading fungal organisms.