Which of the following climate is best suited for physical weathering?

I’m doing some practice exam questions for biology, and i’m not sure how to do these 3 parts to the question.

Which set of characteristics best describes sedimentary rock? a) largest type of rock, made of organic matter, hardest type of rock b) often contains layers, forms near sources of water, contains fossils c) least abundant type of rock, made of other rocks, made mostly of minerals d) most abundant type in earth's crust, made of magma/lava, contains no fossils

How do living things obtain phosphorus