States what a subject does ,is, or has in a sentence ?

Arecent article in newsweek stated that 25 percent of students entering collage read below the 10th grade level. is this statement an fact or an opinion?

Padma has written a paper on the effects of the black death, a plague that struck europe in 1347 and killed millions of people. she focused on three major results of the plague: • a smaller population after the plague led to higher wages and greater independence for workers. • the power of the catholic church weakened because so many members had died and others had lost their faith. • a lack of farm workers led more people to raise livestock rather than planting crops, changing the european diet. read her conclusion: it does not seem right to say that an experience as horrifying as the black death had any “good” sides. still, the changes that followed the plague improved the lives of peasants. people who had previously lived in poverty, forced to work for a single employer, now had higher wages and the freedom to change jobs. even so, the continent had been devastated and would take many years to recover. which statement best evaluates her conclusion? a. the conclusion effectively summarizes all the writer’s main points. b. the conclusion is engaging, but it introduces an unnecessary new idea. c. the conclusion is engaging, but only summarizes one of the writer’s points. d. the conclusion is engaging but it does not summarize any of the writer’s main points.

Susan wants to communicate with julia. arrange the steps of the communication process in the correct order. 1. susan realizes that she would be able to best convey her business plan through an email. 2. julia receives the email. 3. susan drafts an email including all the necessary details of the business plan and sends it across to julia. 4. julia sends an email back to susan summarizing what she understood and stating that she liked susan’s business plan. 5. susan thinks of a business plan that she wants to share with julia. 6. julia reads and understands the business plan that susan wants to share.