a mediadios del siglo vii comenzó el periodo de califato de córdova
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Explanation:

el Califato de Córdoba, also known as the Califato Omeya de Córdoba or the Califato del Occidente, was proclaimed by Abderramán III in 929, thus ending the Independent Emirate established by Abderramán I in 756.

It limited: to the N with the Kingdom of León, Kingdom of Navarra, Kingdom of Aragon, Pallars County and Ribagorza County, to the NE with Urgel County and Barcelona County, to E, SE and S with the Mediterranean Sea, to SO and O with the Atlantic Ocean.

It was developed in: parts of Spain, much of Portugal, colony of Gibraltar, and northern part of Morocco.

It is the political stage of the Islamic presence in the Iberian Peninsula of greater splendor, although of short duration because in practice it ended in 1010 with the fitna or civil war that was triggered by the throne among the supporters of the last legitimate Caliph Hixan II, and the successors of his prime minister or hayib Almanzor. Officially, however, the caliphate continued to exist until 1031, when it was abolished resulting in the fragmentation of the Umayyad state in a multitude of kingdoms known as Taifas.