Susan's cats begin to salivate when she shakes their box of kitty treats. when susan first began shaking the box, the noise from the box would have been considered a(n) stimulus. after conditioning had occurred, the noise from the box would be considered a(n) stimulus.

In 1990, the average income for an american worker was $1,518 per month. in 2000, the average income for an american worker was $2,632 per month. during this time period, a basket of necessities (food, housing, etc.) increased from $657 per month in 1990 to $1,402 per month in 2000. the real value of income ▼ increased decreased over that 10-year period.

Tracey is a financial planner who received his cfp designation. tracey does not have any other designations or licenses. although tracey's expertise is investment planning, he is anxious to expand his client base and is willing to assist clients with any area of financial planning. over the last month tracey engaged in the following activities with troy, a new client.a. during the initial meeting, tracey collected personal data about troy including the estate planning documents troy had previously executed.b. during the second meeting, tracey recommended the use of a trust to fulfill some of troy's estate planning goals.c. troy called tracey one afternoon and asked if tracey could explain the probate process to him, which tracey promptly did.d. tracey downloaded a copy of a generic will from the internet, filled in troy's information and gave the document to troy to be executed.of the activities above, which would be considered the unauthorized practice of law?

Arecent challenge to the european union created by a member state is?