Some research examining the facial feedback hypothesis has found that subliminal exposure to faces displaying a specific emotion is associated with changes in the observer's facial muscles that correspond to that displayed emotion. these findings have not been consistently repeated, however. this makes it harder to know if subliminal emotional perception is or is not real due to the concept of

Not all members of the radio audience of orson welles' war of the worlds broadcast panicked immediately. indeed, some didn't panic until they looked out of the window and saw empty streets; others didn't panic until they saw streets full of traffic. it was after checking out the situation that these citizens decided that the martians had indeed invaded earth. this example illustrates that contagion can result when people look to others for the interpretation of ambiguous situations . can result when cultural norms reinforce people's most likely responses. occurs primarily because humans are by nature irrational creatures. is especially likely when people are motivated to make independent decisions.