Which sociological perspective is most closely aligned with the explanation that social security benefits came about as the result of a struggle between competing interest groups?

The answer is "the conflict perspective".

The conflict perspective, which began principally out of Karl Marx's works on class struggles, presents society from an alternate perspective than do the functionalist and representative interactionist viewpoints. While these last points of view center around the positive parts of society that add to its steadiness, the conflict perspective centers around the negative, clashed, and ever‐changing nature of society.

Yeah u should that's the right thing

Cextra