Hannah is in middle school. her father treats her to a chocolate sundae each time she brings home a straight-a report card. hannah's dad is providing reinforcement

Hannah's dad is providing positive reinforcement.

Positive reinforcement is a condition that involves the introduction of a reinforcing stimulus such as reward after a behavior which increases the likely recurrence of the same response in the future. Positive reinforcement strengthens a behavior or certain response. From the question, Hannah's dad was providing positive reinforcement by treating her to a chocolate sundae each time she brings home a straight-a report card, in order to motivate Hannah and to increase her chance of getting high grades again.

- "sack of constantinople, (april 1204). the diversion of the fourth crusade from the holy land to attack, capture, and pillage the byzantine city of constantinople divided and dissipated the efforts of the christians to maintain the war against the muslims. the fourth crusade was corrupted from its purpose early on."

- "the crusades were a series of religious wars undertaken by the latin church. the first crusade arose after a call to arms in 1095 sermons by pope urban ii. the first crusade unleashed a wave of impassioned, pious catholic fury, which was of constantinople, the capital of the christian-controlled byzantine empire."

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