What is the answer for 1 and number 2

Who built the first turnpikes in the united states? a) the national government b) state governments c) private companies d) town councils

Ball is tossed up in the air at its peak, it stops before beginning to fall.the ball at its peak has

Which best describes the purpose of the south carolina exposition and protest, which was written by john c. calhoun? a) to explain why the south was nullifying the tariff of 1828 b) to describe the ways the tariff of 1828 would southerners c) to persuade northern states to rebel against the federal government d) to ask england for if the south decided to secede from the union