In discussing gender socialization in college environments, the text points out that:

The text points out when discussing gender socialization is that mothers with nontraditional views encourage their daughters to be independent, many fathers also take an active role in socializing their sons to be thoughtful and caring individuals who do not live by traditional gender stereotypes, and peers often make nontraditional gender socialization much more difficult for parents and children. 

answer; ( action training environment;

ever since wwii tmthey always did hated each other.