Which membrane component is important for allowing large, charged molecules to pass through the membrane?

The membrane component that is important for allowing large charged molecules to pass through the membrane are TRANS MEMBRANE PROTEINS.
Trans membrane proteins are a type of integral proteins which spans the entirety of the biological membrane to which they are attached. Trans membrane protein function as gateway which permit the passage of specific substances across the membrane.

Ongoing civil wars western roman empire finally collapsed476 c.e. romulus, the last of theroman  emperors in  the west, was overthrown by the germanic leader odoacer, who became the first barbarian to rule in rome. the order that the  roman empire  had brought towestern  europe for 1000 years was no more.