What has developed when a student anticipates failure, frequently gives up, and may not attempt to complete a task?

gold discovery in california, and pioneer settlers were sometimes pulled west because they wanted to make a better living. others received letters from friends or family members who had moved west. these letters often told about a good life on the frontier. the biggest factor that pulled pioneers west was the opportunity to buy land.

welcome mark brainliest i am trying to get to the next level.

answer; i believe the correct answer is (a) the correlation between the cause variable and outcome variable is zero;