Constitutional monarchy was a concept that emerged from the political revolutions of the Age of Enlightenment. Why did the kings of Europe usually resist this idea and work to prevent it from affecting their kingdoms? Kings in Europe tended to look for fights wherever they could find them--after all, that's how they became kings. Kings in Europe were afraid that a constitution would require them to give away all of their wealth to support the kingdom's poor. Constitutional monarchies required kings to follow the same laws as others--and most kings felt they were above the laws of the land. Kings in Europe did not care about the problems of merchants or anyone else in their kingdoms--they just liked having power.

The authors of the paper "fudging the numbers: distributing chocolate influences student evaluations of an undergraduate course"† carried out a study to see if events unrelated to an undergraduate course could affect student evaluations. students enrolled in statistics courses taught by the same instructor participated in the study. all students attended the same lectures and one of six discussion sections that met once a week. at the end of the course, the researchers chose three of the discussion sections to be the "chocolate group." students in these three sections were offered chocolate prior to having them fill out course evaluations. students in the other three sections were not offered chocolate. the researchers concluded that "overall, students offered chocolate gave more positive evaluations than students not offered chocolate." indicate whether the study is an observational study or an experiment. give a brief explanation for your choice.