It is equally evident, that the members of each department should be as little dependent as possible on those of the others…. But the great security against a gradual concentration of the several powers in the same department, consists in giving to those who administer each department the necessary constitutional means and personal motives to resist encroachments of the others.” Source: James Madison, President of the United States (1809-1817), The Federalist Papers: No. 51, published February 8, 1788

In this excerpt, Madison is explaining which ONE of the following fundamental principles of the U. S. Constitution?
Select one:

a.
Limited government

b.
Judicial review

c.
Due process

d.
Checks and balances