Somebody pls help with 4 and 5

Why learning about people and places around is important?

Which of the following discoveries would be most likely to cause a scientific paradigm shift? a. the discovery of more rings around uranus b. the discovery of a new pathogenic virus transmitted by mosquitoes c. the discovery that a dormant volcano is showing signs of activity d. the discovery of a new species of salamander in the amazon rainforest e. the discovery that excess heat is radiating from the center of the earth and causing global climate change

Globalization and technology developments have led to what some individuals have described as "flat world." what is the significance of the flat world concept? what is the impact of the flat world on supply chain requirements and strategies?