According to the symbolic interactionist George Herbert Mead, the generalized other is a. the inability of very young children to differentiate between themselves and others. b. the guidelines and expectations that are associated with a particular role in society. c. an understanding of the rules that govern a network of different players in related roles. d. the transition toddlers make from the imitation of infancy to the play stage of childhood.

On the doctoral journey, you will need to adjust your thinking and perspective. it is inevitable that your world view will be challenged. how you respond to those instances of challenging remains in your control. this may sound daunting and even seem to be unacceptable, but it is the inexorable result of engaging in "deep thinking" while becoming an academic. remember, you are not just becoming a researcher, but you are also becoming a learned person (an academic) who will be charged with the responsibility of acting as a gatekeeper of knowledge and knowledge development. what distinguishes an infant academic from a mature academic? explain. how does the above biblical challenge to move toward mature thinking parallel the increased responsibility for knowledge and knowledge development that comes with the earning of a doctoral degree? explain.