Behavior increases because something pleasant is added as a consequence of the behavior: The teacher praises students for answering questions in class; because this increases their confidence, these students continue to answer questions even when they are not completely sure if they are right. This is an example of:

Positive reinforcement

Explanation:

In order to get a desirable behaviour, a stimulus is added to the behaviour and there making it more likely the behaviour to happen. The teacher encourages to students to ask questions in the class. It is a part of operant conditioning.

Urban growth invariably feeds increased commercialization and industrialization. it requires continually expanding land areas. when urbanization rates are high, and countries do not have the institutional and managerial capacities or economic wherewithal to manage such rapid growths, they exert intense pressure on the types and nature of the resulting settlements. they contribute to the development of overcrowded slums and shanty towns without adequate essential services and necessary infrastructure.-by asit k. biswas and cecilia tortajada